Russia demands ‘watertight’ guarantee against Nato expansion to Ukraine

Russia maintained a tough posture amid the tensions over its troop build-up near Ukraine, with a top diplomat warning that Moscow will accept nothing less but “watertight” US guarantees precluding Nato’s expansion to Ukraine.

Deputy Foreign Minister Sergei Ryabkov, who led the Russian delegation at the security talks with the US in Geneva last week, reaffirmed that Moscow has no intentions of invading Ukraine as the West fears, but said that receiving Western security guarantees is the categoric imperative for Moscow.

The talks in Geneva and a related Nato-Russia meeting in Brussels last week were held as Russia has amassed an estimated 100,000 troops near Ukraine in what the West fears might herald an invasion.

In a move that further beefs up forces near Ukraine, Russia has sent an unspecified number of troops from the country’s far east to its ally Belarus, which shares a border with Ukraine, for major war games next month.

Ukrainian officials have said that Moscow could use Belarusian territory to launch a potential multi-pronged invasion.

The Russian Defence Ministry said that some of its troops already have arrived in Belarus for the Allied Resolve 2022 drills.

It said the exercise will be held at five firing ranges and other areas in Belarus and also involve four Belarusian air bases.

Amid the soaring tensions, US Secretary of State Antony Blinken visited Ukraine to reassure it of Western support in the face of what he called “relentless” Russian aggression.

Russia has denied that it intends to attack its neighbour but demanded guarantees from the West that Nato will not expand to Ukraine or other former Soviet nations or place its troops and weapons there. It also has urged NATO to roll back the deployments of its troops and weapons to Central and Eastern European nations that have joined the alliance after the end of the Cold War.

Washington and its allies firmly rejected Moscow’s demands but kept the door open to possible further talks on arms control and confidence-building measures intended to reduce the potential for hostilities.

Mr Ryabkov insisted, however, that there can’t be any meaningful talks on those issues if the West doesn’t heed the main Russian requests for the non-expansion of Nato.

He warned that the Russian demands contained in draft agreements with the US and Nato “constitute a package, and we’re not prepared to divide it into different parts, to start processing some of those at expense of standing idle on others.”

The Russian diplomat underlined that Ukraine’s increasingly close ties with Nato allies pose a major security challenge to Russia.

“We see the threat of Ukraine becoming ever more integrated in Nato without even acquiring a formal status of a Nato member state,” Mr Ryabkov said, pointing at Western powers supplying Ukraine with weapons, training its troops and conducting joint drills.

“This is something that goes right to the centre of Russia’s national security interests, and we will do our utmost to reverse this situation, to rebalance this situation through diplomatic means.”

Russia annexed the Crimean Peninsula from Ukraine in 2014 after mass protests prompted Ukraine’s Moscow-friendly leader to flee to Russia.

At the same time, Russia also cast its support behind a separatist insurgency that swept over large areas in eastern Ukraine.

More than 14,000 people have been killed in nearly eight years of fighting there.

Asked if Russia could accept a moratorium on Nato’s expansion eastward, an idea circulated by some political experts, Mr Ryabkov answered with a firm no, saying that Moscow has seen the West backtracking on previous promises.

He emphasised that “for us, the matter of priority is achievement of watertight, bulletproof, legally binding guarantees” that Ukraine and other ex-Soviet nations will not join the alliance.

Mr Ryabkov suggested that the US could also take a unilateral obligation to never vote for Nato membership for Ukraine and other ex-Soviet nations.

Russia has urged the US and Nato to provide a quick written response, and Kremlin spokesman Dmitry Peskov told reporters it expects to receive it “within days”.