Ex-French president stands trial over alleged campaign funding by Gaddafi

France’s former president Nicolas Sarkozy and 11 co-defendants have gone on trial over the alleged illegal financing of his 2007 presidential campaign by the government of then-Libyan leader Muammar Gaddafi.

Sarkozy, who served as president from 2007 to 2012, did not speak to the press as he arrived at court.

He has denied any wrongdoing.

Sarkozy faces charges of passive corruption, illegal campaign financing, concealment of embezzlement of public funds and criminal association, punishable by up to 10 years in prison.

The trial is scheduled to run until April 10.

The trial involves 11 other defendants, including three former ministers. Franco-Lebanese businessman Ziad Takieddine, accused of having played the role of intermediary, has fled to Lebanon and is not expected to appear at the Paris court.

Sarkozy, 69, is looking forward to the hearings “with determination”, his lawyer Christophe Ingrain said in a statement.

“There is no Libyan financing of the campaign,” the statement said. “We want to believe the court will have the courage to examine the facts objectively, without being guided by the nebulous theory that poisoned the investigation.”

The case emerged in March 2011, when a Libyan news agency reported that the Gaddafi government had financed Sarkozy’s 2007 campaign. In an interview, Gaddafi himself said: “It’s thanks to us that he reached the presidency. We provided him with the funds that allowed him to win.”

Sarkozy, who had welcomed Gaddafi to Paris with great honours in 2007, became one of the first Western leaders to push for a military intervention in Libya in March 2011, when Arab Spring pro-democracy protests swept the Arab world.

Gaddafi was killed by opposition fighters in October that same year, ending his four-decade rule of the North African country.

The next year, French online news site Mediapart published a document said to be a note from the Libyan secret services, mentioning Gaddafi’s agreement to provide Sarkozy’s campaign with 50 million euro (£41 million) in financing.

Sarkozy strongly rejected the accusations, calling the document a “blatant fake” and filing complaints for forgery, concealment and spreading false news.

However, French investigative magistrates eventually said in 2016 the document has all the characteristics of an authentic one, although there is no definitive evidence that such a transaction took place.

The official cost for Sarkozy’s 2007 campaign was 20 million euro (around £16.6 million).

French investigators scrutinised numerous trips to Libya made by people close to Sarkozy, then the interior minister, between 2005 and 2007, including his chief of staff Claude Gueant. They also noted dozens of meetings between Guéant and Takieddine, a key player in major French military contracts abroad.

The investigation gained traction when Takieddine told Mediapart in 2016 that he had delivered three suitcases from Libya containing millions in cash to the French Interior Ministry.

However, Takieddinne reversed his statement four years later.

Since then, a separate investigation has been launched into alleged witness tampering as magistrates suspect an attempt to pressure Takieddine in order to clear Sarkozy.

Sarkozy and his wife, former supermodel Carla Bruni-Sarkozy, were given preliminary charges as financial prosecutors said the former president is suspected of “benefiting from corruptly influencing” Takieddine.

Sarkozy has been convicted in two other scandals – but the Libyan case appears as the one most likely to significantly affect his legacy.

France’s highest court, the Court of Cassation, last month upheld a conviction against Sarkozy of corruption and influence peddling while he was the head of state.

He was sentenced to one year in house arrest with an electronic bracelet. The case was revealed as investigative judges were listening to wiretapped phone conversations during the Libya inquiry.

In February last year, an appeals court in Paris found Sarkozy guilty of illegal campaign financing in his failed 2012 re-election bid.