Astronomers discover what may be the universe’s brightest object
19 February 2024, 16:44
The black hole powering this distant quasar is more than 17 billion times more immense than our sun, a team reported in the journal Nature Astronomy.
Astronomers have discovered what may be the brightest object in the universe, a quasar with a black hole at its heart growing so fast that it swallows the equivalent of a sun a day.
The record-breaking quasar shines 500 trillion times brighter than our sun, they said.
The black hole powering this distant quasar is more than 17 billion times more immense than our sun, an Australian-led team reported in the journal Nature Astronomy.
While the quasar resembles a mere dot in images, scientists envision a ferocious place.
The rotating disc around the quasar’s black hole – the luminous swirling gas and other matter from gobbled-up stars – is like a cosmic hurricane.
“This quasar is the most violent place that we know in the universe,” lead author Christian Wolf, of Australian National University, said.
The European Southern Observatory spotted the object, J0529-4351, during a 1980 sky survey, but it was thought to be a star.
It was not identified as a quasar – the extremely active and luminous core of a galaxy – until last year.
Observations by telescopes in Australia and Chile’s Atacama Desert clinched it.
“The exciting thing about this quasar is that it was hiding in plain sight and was misclassified as a star previously,” Yale University’s Priyamvada Natarajan, who was not involved in the study, said.
These later observations and computer modelling have determined that the quasar is gobbling up the equivalent of 370 suns a year – roughly one a day.
Further analysis shows the mass of the black hole to be 17 to 19 billion times that of our sun, according to the team.
More observations are needed to understand its growth rate.
The quasar is 12 billion light-years away and has been around since the early days of the universe.
A light-year is 5.8 trillion miles.
