Some progress in military talks on India and China border standoff

Senior military commanders from India and China have agreed to not add more troops along their disputed border in the mountainous Ladakh region where the two Asian giants are locked in a bitter months-long standoff.

A joint statement released after talks said the two sides also agreed to “strengthen communication on the ground” and “avoid misunderstandings and misjudgements” along the lengthy contested border known as the Line of Actual Control.

However, it did not mention any breakthrough during the talks about their forces disengaging from the standoff as they had earlier committed.

The standoff in the cold desert of Ladakh began in May and escalated in June to the deadliest violence between the two sides in decades — a clash on a high ridge in which soldiers used clubs, stones and their fists.

Twenty Indian soldiers were killed and dozens of others were injured. China is believed to have also suffered casualties but did not provide any details.

The rival countries have amassed tens of thousands of soldiers, backed by artilleries, tanks and fighter jets in the Ladakh area following the deadly standoff.

After that clash, the two countries partially disengaged from the site in Ladakh’s Galwan Valley and at least two other places, but the crisis has continued in at least three other areas, including the glacial Pangong Lake.

In recent weeks, the world’s two most populous nations have accused each other of sending soldiers into each other’s territory in the Pangong area and firing warning shots for the first time in 45 years, raising the spectre of a full-scale military conflict.

Despite several rounds of talks by military, diplomatic and political officials, including negotiations between the two countries’ foreign and defence ministers in Moscow this month, the border tensions have persisted.

The commanders held discussions on Monday for about 14 hours.

The statement issued by the defence ministries of the two sides on Tuesday said they have agreed to “stop sending more troops to the frontline”.

It said the two countries will hold a seventh round of military commander-level talks “as soon as possible” and “jointly safeguard peace and tranquility in the border area.”

The statement said the commanders agreed to “earnestly implement the important consensus reached by the leaders of the two countries.”

Monday’s military-level talks came less than two weeks after the two nations’ foreign ministers met on September 10 and agreed that their troops should disengage from the tense border standoff, maintain proper distance and ease tensions.

The foreign ministers did not set a timeline for disengagement, nor did Tuesday’s statement mention one.

Military experts have repeatedly warned that any mistake or miscalculation from either side could have disastrous consequences.

Neither India and China have provided much information, but media in the two countries, India especially, have extensively covered the escalating tension, which has dramatically changed their bilateral relations.

Long wary of economic domination by China, India has in recent weeks banned Chinese cell phone apps including TikTok and taken other steps to rein in Chinese influence.

Relations between the two countries have often been strained, partly due to their undemarcated border.

They fought a border war in 1962 that spilled into Ladakh and ended in an uneasy truce. Since then, troops have guarded the undefined border while occasionally brawling. The two countries have agreed not to attack each other with firearms.

The fiercely contested control line separates Chinese- and Indian-held territories from Ladakh in the west to India’s eastern state of Arunachal Pradesh, which China claims in its entirety.

It is broken in parts where the Himalayan nations of Nepal and Bhutan border China.

According to India, the de facto border is 3,488 kilometres (2,167 miles) long, while China says it is considerably shorter. As its name suggests, it divides the areas of physical control rather than territorial claims.