Women half as likely as men to be promoted at work after having children

21 October 2019, 17:45

Women are less likely to progress at work following the birth of a child compared to men, new research says.

The research found that women suffer economically and become "stuck" at work following childbirth, while new fathers feel no impact.

Mothers become increasingly withdrawn from employment over time, with the more children a woman has reducing the likelihood that she will progress at work.

Researchers at the universities of Bristol and Essex found that only 27.8 per cent of women were in full-time or self-employed work three years after childbirth, compared to 90% of new fathers.

They also found that while 26% of men were promoted or moved to a better job in the five years after their baby was born, the figure was 13% for women.

The study was carried out on more than 3,500 new parents for the Government Equalities Office.

It was also found that less than one in five of all mothers returned to full-time work in the first three years after maternity leave. This fell to 15% after five years.

Furthermore, 17% of women left employment completely in the five years following childbirth, compared to just 4% of men.

In the year before birth, the man was the main earner in 54% of couples but this increased to 69% three years after birth.

In couples where the woman earned the most prior to birth, just 46% remained the main earner three years later.

Professor Susan Harkness, from the School of Policy Studies at the University of Bristol, said: "The results of our study highlight how gendered employment patterns are following childbirth, with men typically remaining in full-time work and women leaving full-time work.

"This loss in work experience, and in particular full-time work experience, is an important part of the explanation for the gender pay gap and suggests women still suffer economically as a result of taking on childcare responsibilities.

She continued: "Worryingly, it appears that women who return to employment typically see their chance of moving up the occupational ladder decrease.

"Women who return to the same employer risk becoming stuck in their job roles with limited career progression."

Dr Alina Pelikh, from the Institute for Social and Economic Research (ISER) at the University of Essex, said: "While we've only looked at the first five years following a child being born, all these factors suggest that the patterns we've observed are unlikely to be reversed as children grow older.

"We still need to better understand the reasons why many women do not return to full-time work and encourage policies that enable women reconcile work and family life."

A spokesman for the Government Equalities Office said there had been record rates of female employment this year, particularly among single parents.

"The careers of talented women should not be held back because they take time out of their jobs to care for a loved one," he said.

"That's why we are investing in returners to work - giving them the opportunity to refresh and grow their skills. By acting on this issue we can grow the economy and achieve true equality in our workplaces."