Ballymurphy massacre: 10 innocent people killed without justification - coroner
11 May 2021, 15:59
Ten people killed in Belfast 50 years ago in shootings involving British soldiers were "entirely innocent", a coroner has ruled.
The Army has been found to be responsible for nine of the 10 deaths in August 1971, which included a mother-of-eight and a Catholic priest.
Presiding Coroner Mrs Justice Keegan said there was not enough evidence for her to determine where the shot that killed the 10th victim, John McKerr, came from, but branded it "shocking" that there was no adequate investigation of the killing afterwards.
The coroner acknowledged it was a chaotic time in Northern Ireland but ruled that the use of force by soldiers had been "disproportionate" in the nine deaths the Army was found as responsible for.
She ruled out any paramilitary involvement by any of those killed and described them as "entirely innocent of any wrongdoing on the day in question".
There was applause within the courtroom as she made that pronouncement.
Ten fresh inquests were heard in terms of the five incidents in which they occurred.
Parish priest Father Hugh Mullan, 38, and Frank Quinn, 19, were shot in the Springfield Park area of Ballymurphy around 9pm on 9 August.
The coroner found they were killed with bullets fired by soldiers and that the force used was not justified.
Around the same time, outside an Army barracks at the Henry Taggart Hall in Divismore Park, Noel Philips, 19, Joseph Murphy, 41, Joan Connolly, 44, and Daniel Teggart, 44, were fatally wounded by gunfire.
The coroner found these killings were not justified, and that the victims were "innocent" and unarmed.
"The Army had a duty to protect lives and minimise harm, and the use of force was clearly disproportionate," she said.
The following day, Eddie Doherty, 31, died after being shot in the Whiterock Road as he came across an encounter between soldiers and protesters who had erected a barricade across the road.
The coroner ruled that the use of force in shooting Mr Doherty was disproportionate.
She also rejected claims that he had been throwing petrol bombs at the time.
"He was an innocent man who posed no threat," she said.
In the fourth incident, on the third day of shooting, Joseph Corr, 43, and John Laverty, 20, were shot in the Whiterock Road area in the early hours of the morning. Mr Corr died from his injuries 16 days later.
The coroner said the military had failed to establish an adequate justification for the use of lethal force in killing Mr Corr and Mr Laverty.
She concluded that the two men were shot by the British Army and there was no evidence that they could have been shot by anyone else. She also rejected claims that the pair were gunmen who had been firing at soldiers.
In the fifth incident, 49-year-old former soldier John McKerr was shot later that morning in Westrock Drive, close to Corpus Christi Church, as he took a break from maintenance work. He died of his injuries on 20 August.
Mrs Justice Keegan said he was an entirely innocent man but there was not enough evidence for her to determine where the shot that killed him came from, or whether it was fired by the military or paramilitaries.
She noted that Mr McKerr was a "proud military man" and claims that he was associated with the IRA had caused great pain for his family in the five decades since.
"I can allay that rumour and suspicion once and for all," she said.
The coroner described the inquests as the longest running to date in Northern Ireland.
While outlining the context in which the deaths happened, in terms of the start of what has become known as the Troubles and the introduction of the policy of internment without trial on August 9, she said she assessed each incident on its own facts.
The standard of proof used was on balance of probability.
She noted that, 50 years on, the deaths remain "stark" for the families.
