Boris Johnson's Brexit deal suffers triple defeat in House of Lords
21 January 2020, 05:25
Boris Johnson's Brexit deal has suffered a setback in the Lords after Peers backed several amendments on EU citizens' rights and the power of courts.
The PM's exit deal will now be sent back to the Commons after it suffered three defeats in the Lords on Monday evening.
The first blow for Mr Johnson came when the upper chamber backed a cross-party amendment to the Withdrawal Agreement Bill on the issue of EU citizens' rights, calling for EU citizens lawfully residing in Britain to be allowed physical proof of their status.
Members of the house of Lords voted 270 to 229, meaning the Prime Minister will be able to use his significant majority to overturn it when it is sent back to the Commons.
Liberal Democrat Lord Oates warned that without physical documentation EU citizens eligible to remain in the UK would be "severely disadvantaged" in dealings with landlords, airlines, employers and other officials.
In the second defeat, peers voted by 241 to 205, majority 36, to remove the power of ministers to decide which courts should have the power to depart from judgments of the European Court of Justice (ECJ) and by reference to what test.
A third defeat followed rapidly, as peers backed a move by Tory former lord chancellor Lord Mackay of Clashfern to allow cases to be referred to the Supreme Court to decide whether to depart from EU case law.
Voting on this amendment was 206 to 186, a majority of 20, as peers warned against interference in the independence of the judiciary.
Liberal Democrat Lord Beith said he understood the Government had agreed to move an amendment at third reading to meet concerns raised about making "bad law".
But he said this had been withdrawn because "10 Downing Street is in a sulk" due to the earlier defeat on the Bill.
Lord Mackay warned of the test being an "interference with judicial independence," which was not proper.
He said the Lords should help the Government "to do properly what they want to do" by asking the Commons to think again.
Leading lawyer and independent crossbencher, Lord Pannick branded the Government's proposals "fundamentally objectionable".
Lord Pannick, who acted for businesswoman Gina Miller in two Brexit-related court cases, said it gave ministers a delegated power to decide which courts should be able to depart from ECJ judgments and what test should apply.
"These are powers which step well over the important boundary between the Executive and the judiciary," he insisted.
"These amendments are absolutely nothing to do with the merits of Brexit, the terms on which we leave the EU, the timetable for Brexit."
Brexit minister Lord Callanan, rejecting the amendments, said an important principle was involved that "UK courts should be able to interpret UK law".
Lord Callanan assured peers the Government would implement the policy in a sensible way and consult with the senior judiciary.
He said the power could only be used before the end of the implementation period and there was no way a minister could "interfere with a live case" - allowing time to consult, consider and "soberly extend the jurisdiction of UK courts to the historic case law of the ECJ".
Following the vote, Liberal Democrat leader in the Lords, Lord Newby said: "The Conservative Government is trying to use this Brexit legislation to undermine both the rule of law and parliamentary sovereignty. Liberal Democrats will fight them every step of the way.
"Despite Boris Johnson's talk about bringing the country together, his approach seems designed to divide it even further.
"Certainty that lower courts will follow the rulings of higher ones is a crucial part of our legal system. By removing it, the Conservatives would cause chaos and confusion."
